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DNA methylation is the major modification of eukaryotic genomes and plays an essential role in mammalian development. Human proteins MECP2, MBD1, MBD2, MBD3, and MBD4 comprise a family of nuclear proteins related by the presence in each of a methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD). Each of these proteins, with the exception of MBD3, is capable of binding specifically to methylated DNA. MECP2, MBD1 and MBD2 can also repress transcription from methylated gene promoters. MBD1 has also been predicted to be involved in the development and progression of tumors, and it has been shown that MBD1 is significantly upregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues when compared with surrounding normal tissues. Furthermore, MBD1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.
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