Gelsolin / Actin-depolymerizing Factor

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Gelsolin (also known as brevin, Actin-depolymerizing factor or ADF), a proteinof leukocytes, platelets and other cells, severs Actin filaments in thepresence of submicromolar calcium, thereby isolating cytoplasmic Actin gels. It is a calcium-regulated, actin-modulating protein that binds to the plus (or barbed) ends of actin monomers or filaments, preventing monomer exchange (end-blocking or capping). It can promote the assembly of monomers into filaments (nucleation) as well as sever filaments already formed. Plays a role in ciliogenesis. Defects in GSN are the cause of amyloidosis type 5 (AMYL5); also known as familial amyloidosis Finnish type, typically characterized by cranial neuropathy and lattice corneal dystrophy. Severe systemic disease can develop in some individuals causing peripheral polyneuropathy, amyloid cardiomyopathy, and nephrotic syndrome leading to renal failure.