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The human adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene at locus 5q21 encodes a protein of 2,843 amino acids. The precise function of this 300 kD protein is not clear but it may have several functions including a role in cell proliferation, apoptosis, expression of cell adhesion proteins
and modulation of cell to cell interactions. It is reported to be expressed in the cytoplasm of cell types of many lineages, both epithelial and mesenchymal. In the epithelium of bladder, small and large intestine, esophagus, stomach and epidermis, APC expression is restricted to regions in
which cell replication has ceased and terminal differentiation has been established. Expression has been observed in lung, liver, kidney and mammary gland endothelial, myoepithelial and duct lining epithelial cells. Some tissues such as ovary, myometrium, thyroid, parathyroid and tonsil do not express the protein.
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