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Uroplakin II (UPII) is a 15-kDa protein comprising urothelial plaques, which fortify the urothelial barrier. It is a highly specific marker for tumors of urothelial origin, particularly urothelial carcinoma (UC). UPII messenger RNA has been detected in the tissue and blood of UC patients. Immunohistochemistry utilizing UPII antibodies, such as UPK2/13669R, exhibits high specificity and increased sensitivity for urothelial carcinoma compared to UPIII antibodies. UPII immunohistochemistry is valuable for differentiating urothelial carcinoma from other malignancies, including prostate adenocarcinoma or metastatic breast carcinoma. It has also shown promise for detecting micrometastases of bladder cancer. UPII expression is found in various UC subtypes like micro-papillary, plasmacytoid, and sarcomatoid variants.
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