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CD99, also known as MIC2 (monoclonal antibody 12E7), is a cell surface glycoprotein encoded by the CD99 gene on chromosome Xp22.2. It consists of 185 amino acids and has a molecular weight of around 32 kDa. The protein undergoes various post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation and glycosylation, which are important for its function and regulation. The function of CD99 is multifaceted and context-dependent, playing roles in cell adhesion, migration, apoptosis, and signal transduction.
CD99 is expressed in various tissues and cell types, including endothelial cells, leukocytes, neural cells, and certain types of cancer cells. Its expression is developmentally regulated and can vary depending on cell type, differentiation status, and tissue microenvironment. CD99 expression can be modulated by various factors, including cytokines, growth factors, and cellular signaling pathways, which regulate its involvement in physiological and pathological processes, including those related to regulating cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Dysregulated CD99 expression has been associated with several diseases and pathological conditions, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory disorders.
CD99 expression has been utilized as a marker in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancers and diseases. In cancer, CD99 expression alterations are observed in various tumors like Ewing’s sarcoma, primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs), and certain lymphomas, where its high expression aids in diagnosis, particularly distinguishing Ewing’s sarcoma from similar tumors. Moreover, CD99 expression levels are indicative of tumor behavior and prognosis, with high expression often associated with more aggressive behavior and poorer outcomes in some cancers. Beyond cancer, CD99 expression has implications in autoimmune disorders and inflammatory conditions, possibly contributing to immune dysregulation and tissue inflammation.
NeoBiotechnologies offers a variety of antibodies against CD99 that have been validated for flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting. Additionally, we hold exclusive rights to CD99 antibodies available for licensing or collaboration [https://www.neobiotechnologies.com/gene-name/cd99/].
CD99 antigen, 12E7, E2 antigen, Protein MIC2, T-cell surface glycoprotein E2, 12E7; E2 antigen; MIC 2X; MIC 2Y; MIC2; Protein MIC2; Surface antigen MIC2; T-cell surface glycoprotein E2
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