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CD38 is a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 45 kDa. It is a multifunctional protein that can be expressed both on the cell surface membrane and intracellularly. Additionally, a soluble form of CD38 can be secreted into the extracellular environment. Posttranslational modifications, including glycosylation and ADP-ribosylation, contribute to the diverse functions of CD38.
The primary role of CD38 is in regulating NAD metabolism, converting NAD into cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) and nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP). These metabolites are crucial in calcium signaling, immune response modulation, and cellular homeostasis. CD38 is expressed in various cell types, including immune cells such as T-cells, B-cells, and natural killer cells. It is also found in non-immune tissues, including the pancreas, kidney, and brain.
Various factors, including cellular activation and differentiation, modulate the expression of CD38. In immune cells, CD38 expression is often associated with activation and effector functions. The levels of CD38 can serve as markers of immune cell subsets and their functional states, making it a valuable tool in immunophenotyping.
CD38’s involvement in human health and disease is diverse. In the immune system, CD38 is implicated in inflammatory responses, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. In particular, elevated CD38 expression is observed in certain hematological malignancies, such as multiple myeloma, where it serves as a prognostic marker. Additionally, CD38 has been targeted for therapeutic interventions, and monoclonal antibodies against CD38, such as daratumumab, have shown efficacy in treating multiple myeloma.
Antibodies targeting CD38 have extensive clinical applications, both in diagnostics and therapeutics. In diagnostics, CD38 antibodies are utilized for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and flow cytometry to assess CD38 expression in tissue samples and immune cell populations. In therapeutics, CD38 antibodies have been harnessed for antibody-based treatments in multiple myeloma, showing promise in improving patient outcomes.
Neobiotechnologies is committed to providing high-quality antibodies for researchers and clinicians studying CD38 and its implications in health and disease. Explore our extensive catalog to access reliable tools for studying CD38 and contribute to immunology, oncology, and therapeutic development advancements. Enhance your research capabilities with our cutting-edge antibodies and support the quest for improved diagnostics and targeted therapeutics.
ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1, ADPRC 1|ADPRC1|cADPR1
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