Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) has a molecular weight of approximately 120 kDa. ACE2 is expressed in various tissues throughout the human body, with particularly high levels in the lungs, heart, blood vessels, kidneys, and gastrointestinal tract. This protein plays a critical role in regulating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), converting angiotensin II into angiotensin-(1-7), a peptide with vasodilatory and anti-inflammatory effects. This enzymatic activity helps balance the effects of angiotensin II and contributes to cardiovascular homeostasis.
ACE2 is associated with several health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases (e.g., hypertension and heart disease) and COVID-19, where it serves as the gateway for SARS-CoV-2 to enter and infect human cells and kidney disease.
Antibodies against ACE2 have been used to elucidate ACE2’s role in physiology and diseases, especially for COVID-19 detection and understanding of the virus-host interaction. Ongoing research explores potential applications for ACE2 antibodies, including therapeutic approaches to modulate ACE2 function, diagnostic tests for various purposes, and COVID-19 vaccine development.
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