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S100B is a protein belonging to the S100 family of calcium-binding proteins. It has a molecular weight of approximately 21 kDa and is primarily expressed in the central nervous system, specifically in astrocytes, which are a type of glial cell in the brain. This protein functions as a calcium sensor and is involved in various cellular processes, including regulation of cell cycle progression, cell differentiation, and intracellular signaling.
Elevated levels of S100B in the blood or cerebrospinal fluid are associated with various neurological conditions, including traumatic brain injury, stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases. It has been studied as a biomarker for brain injury and as a potential indicator of the severity of neurological damage.
Antibodies against S100B are commonly used in research to detect and quantify its levels in tissues or biological fluids. In diagnostics, measurements are utilized to assess the extent of brain injury or neurological conditions, particularly in the context of traumatic brain injury. In some cases, elevated levels in blood samples may prompt further diagnostic imaging or interventions.
Protein S100-B, NEF|S100|S100-B|S100beta
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