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Product Details
Synonyms
Positive Control
Known Applications & Suggested Dilutions
Immunogen
Cellular Localization
Species Reactivity
Host / Ig Isotype
Mol. Weight of Antigen
Specificity & Comments
-2-Macroglobulin (-2M) is a homotetrameric serum protein consisting of four identical subunits that form dimers through disulfide bonds. Initially, -2M was characterized as a pan-proteinase inhibitor that was able to bait proteinases into cleaving specific peptide sequences on -2M. This interaction induces a conformational change in -2M, thus enabling it to trap the proteinase and further inhibit its activity. Subsequently, -2M has been shown to function as a carrier protein and regulator of cytokines during inflammation. Circulating transforming growth factor (TGF) in serum is primarily bound to -2M, which renders TGF inactive. -2M also binds to IL-6 and, thereby, increases the concentration of IL-6 near lymphocytes, hepatocytes and stem cells involved in mediating the inflammatory cascade. Mutations and deletions in the gene encoding -2M are associated with an increased incidence of Alzheimer s disease (AD), which is consistent with the role of -2M in mediating the clearance and degradation of A , the major component of -Amyloid deposits accumulated during AD.
Key References