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Fas, also known as CD95 antigen, is a 48 kD transmembrane glycoprotein. It is a member of the nerve growth factor receptor/tumor necrosis factor superfamily. This cell surface molecule mediates receptor-triggered apoptosis (programmed cell death). During embryonic and postembryonic development, many cells die by means of programmed cell death, which plays a major role in determining morphological and functional maturity in a variety of systems, including the formation of the neural network and clonal deletion of autoreactive T cells. Apoptosis is accompanied by condensation of the cytoplasm, loss of plasma membrane microvilli and extensive degradation of chromosomal DNA into oligomers of about 180 base pairs. The Fas antigen is expressed on the surface of various cell types, including activated T and B lymphocytes and T lymphoblastoid cell lines.
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