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Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human Pancreas stained with Chromogranin A Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody (CHGA/1815R).
SDS-PAGE Analysis of Purified Chromogranin A Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody (CHGA/1815R).
Analysis of Protein Array containing more than 19,000 full-length human proteins using Chromogranin A Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody (CHGA/1815R). Z- and S- Score: The Z-score represents the strength of a signal that a monoclonal antibody (Monoclonal Antibody) (in combination with a fluorescently-tagged anti-IgG secondary antibody) produces when binding to a particular protein on the HuProtTM array. Z-scores are described in units of standard deviations (SD's) above the mean value of all signals generated on that array. If targets on HuProtTM are arranged in descending order of the Z-score, the S-score is the difference (also in units of SD's) between the Z-score. S-score therefore represents the relative target specificity of a Monoclonal Antibody to its intended target. A Monoclonal Antibody is considered to specific to its intended target, if the Monoclonal Antibody has an S-score of at least 2.5. For example, if a Monoclonal Antibody binds to protein X with a Z-score of 43 and to protein Y with a Z-score of 14, then the S-score for the binding of that Monoclonal Antibody to protein X is equal to 29.
Chromogranin A is present in neuroendocrine cells throughout the body, including the neuroendocrine cells of the large and small intestine, adrenal medulla and pancreatic islets. It is an excellent marker for carcinoid tumors, pheochromocytomas, paragangliomas, and other neuroendocrine tumors. Co-expression of chromogranin A and neuron specific enolase (NSE) is common in neuroendocrine neoplasms. Reportedly, co-expression of certain keratins and chromogranin indicates neuroendocrine lineage. The presence of strong anti-chromogranin staining and absence of anti-keratin staining should raise the possibility of paraganglioma. The co-expression of chromogranin and NSE is typical of neuroendocrine neoplasms. Most pituitary adenomas and prolactinomas readily express chromogranin.
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