Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) has a molecular weight of approximately 92 kDa. This protein is expressed in various tissues and cell types, including immune cells, epithelial cells, and neural cells, where it is a key component of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, which is involved in transducing signals from cytokines and growth factors to the nucleus. Upon activation by phosphorylation, STAT3 forms homodimers or heterodimers and translocates to the nucleus, where it acts as a transcription factor, regulating the expression of various genes.
STAT3 is implicated in the onset and progression of various cancers, including breast cancer, lung cancer, and leukemia. Additionally, aberrant activation of STAT3 is associated with chronic inflammation and autoimmune diseases, and STAT3 mutations or dysregulation are also linked to some rare immunodeficiency disorders.
Antibodies against STAT3 are widely used in research to study the expression, activation, and localization of STAT3 in cells and tissues. In cancer research, these antibodies help identify the presence and activation status of STAT3 in tumor samples, providing insights into its role in tumorigenesis. In diagnostics, assessing STAT3 expression or activation in tumor tissues may have prognostic value.
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